This report presents case studies of nine successful programs designed to reduce alcohol and substance abuse among American Indians and Alaska Natives. These case studies highlight effective solutions developed within tribal communities and combining Western and traditional approaches to build upon the strengths of the respective Indian communities. Three types of policy initiatives are reflected: efforts that control the availability of drugs and alcohol within a tribal jurisdiction; educational and treatment efforts; and efforts that reduce social and environmental risk factors for the individual and the community. The programs fall into eight categories: public policy initiative, tribal courts, corrections, community and law enforcement initiatives, youth prevention, youth intervention, adult intervention, and comprehensive programs. Each program includes services providing a link to the spiritual beliefs of the Indian person, services that are culturally reflective of the Indian community, and services that strengthen the relationship of the Indian person to his or her community. Each program description includes the problem(s) addressed, strategies used, administrative support, results, and outcomes. Also included are points for replication and a contact person. A resource section provides contact information and summaries for 46 public, nonprofit, and private agencies addressing alcohol and substance abuse in Indian communities. A bibliography contains 109 entries. (TD)