No Child Left Behind (NCLB) is not going away. In fact, it might not even undergo more than minor modifications before it comes up for reauthorization in a couple of years. The nomination of Margaret Spellings to replace Rod Paige as U.S. secretary of education foretells not only a single-minded focus on test-based accountability but also an extension of the notion in full force into the high schools. The incoming Bush Administration will probably continue the attempt of the outgoing Bush Administration to use reauthorization of the Perkins Act as leverage to hold high schools even more accountable for academic (that is, test-based) progress. Moreover, an alliance of interesting partners, from liberal to conservative, supports this kind of high school reform. This article discusses the NCLB and the preceding Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA).