This hearing of the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions examines No Child Left Behind, focusing on innovation to better meet the needs of students. The questions addressed are: (1) What is your State, district, or school doing to implement innovative approaches to improve academic outcomes for students, particularly low-income and at-risk students?; and (2) How can the Federal law be improved to encourage more States, districts, and schools to innovate? Following opening statements by Honorable Lamar Alexander (Chairman, Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions) and Honorable Patty Murray (U.S. Senator from the State of Washington), the following senators provide statements: (1) Honorable Bill Cassidy, a U.S. Senator from the State of Louisiana; (2) Honorable Richard Burr, a U.S. Senator from the State of North Carolina; (3) Honorable Michael F. Bennet, a U.S. Senator from the State of Colorado; (4) Honorable Barbara A. Mikulski, a U.S. Senator from the State of Maryland; (5) Honorable Al Franken, a U.S. Senator from the State of Minnesota; (6) Honorable Christopher Murphy, a U.S. Senator from the State of Connecticut; (7) Honorable Robert P. Casey, Jr., a U.S. Senator from the State of Pennsylvania; and (8) Honorable Sheldon Whitehouse, a U.S. Senator from the State of Rhode Island. Prepared witness statements are offered by: (1) James M. McIntyre, Jr., B.A., M.S., Ph.D., Superintendent, Knox County Schools, Knoxville, Tennessee; (2) Katie Duffy, CEO, Democracy Prep Public Schools, New York, New York; (3) Ken Bradford, Assistant Superintendent, Louisiana Department of Education, Baton Rouge, Louisiana; (4) Susan Kessler, Executive Principal, Hunter Lane High School, Nashville, Tennessee; (5) Henriette Taylor, MSW, LGSW, Community School Coordinator, The Historic Samuel Coleridge-Taylor Elementary School, Baltimore, Maryland; (6) Josh Davis, Vice President, External Affairs, Delta Health Alliance, Stoneville, Mississippi; and (7) Robert Balfanz, Ph.D., Research Professor, Center for Social Organization of Schools, Johns Hopkins University School of Education, Baltimore, Maryland. Additional materials include: (1) Response by James M. McIntyre, Jr., B.A., M.S., Ph.D. to questions of: Senator Hatch and Senator Murkowski; (2) Response to questions of Senator Murkowski by: Katie Duffy and Ken Bradford; (3) Response by Susan Kessler to questions of: Senator Hatch and Senator Murkowski; and (4) Response to questions of Senator Murkowski by: Henriette Taylor, Josh Davis, and Robert Balfanz.