The National Assessment of Education Progress (NAEP) is the largest nationally representative assessment of what the nation's students know and can do in subjects such as mathematics, reading, science, and writing. The results of NAEP are released as The Nation's Report Card. The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), within the U.S. Department of Education, administers NAEP as mandated by Congress and does so in every state. This provides a common measure of achievement. District staff play an essential role in NAEP. Superintendents and district staff can work closely with principals to explain the importance of the assessment to teachers and students selected for participation. When students take part in NAEP and give their best effort, the outcome is the most accurate measure possible of student achievement across the country. In 2015, NAEP will begin to transition the mathematics, reading, and science assessment from paper and pencil to technology-based assessments. This document briefly describes the changes that will take place and highlights the important and useful features of NAEP for district and school staff. [This publication was prepared for the National Assessment of Educational Progress by Hager Sharp under contract to the National Center for Education Statistics.]