This study is examining student eligibility for and participation in alternate assessments, the technical quality of the alternate assessment instruments and implementation procedures, the alignment of assessments with content and achievement standards, and the use and effectiveness of alternate assessments in measuring student outcomes. The report describes individual state approaches to designing and administering alternate assessments based on alternate achievement standards, key features of individual state alternate assessments, and student participation and performance data for each state for the 2006-2007 school year. The NSAA is a comprehensive, integrated study that is organized around three central objectives related to alternate assessments that are based on alternative achievement standards for students with significant cognitive disabilities: (1) Develop state and national profiles of the 50 states' and the District of Columbia's alternate assessment policies and practices; (2) Conduct in-depth case studies and report on selected states' approaches to alternate assessment; and (3) Conduct quantitative analyses of data related to alternate assessment. Two appendices are included: (1) Methodology; and (2) Data Tables. (Contains 62 figures and 2 footnotes.) (State Profiles on Alternate Assessments Based on Alternate Achievement Standards: A Report from the National Study on Alternate Assessments. NCSER 2009-3013, see ED506078)