This is the second year report in a five-year evaluation of the Milwaukee Parental Choice Program (MPCP). This program, which began in 1990, provides government-funded vouchers for low-income children to attend private schools in the City of Milwaukee. The maximum voucher amount in 2007-08 was $6,607, and approximately 20,000 children use a voucher to attend either secular or religious private schools. The MPCP is the oldest and largest urban educational voucher program in the United States. This evaluation was authorized by Wisconsin Act 125 enacted in 2005. The general purposes of the evaluation are to analyze the effectiveness of the MPCP in terms of longitudinal student achievement growth and grade attainment, dropping out, and graduating from high school. The former will be primarily accomplished by measuring and estimating student growth in achievement as measured by the Wisconsin Knowledge and Concepts Examinations (WKCE) in math and reading in grades three through eight over a five-year period. The latter will be accomplished by following the 2006-07J12 and ninth grade cohorts over a five-year period or longer. The general research design consists of a comparison between a random sample of MPCP students and a matched sample of Milwaukee Public School (MPS) students. Throughout the report, the authors describe a range of cautions and caveats, with the most important being that this is only the second year of a five-year study, and that student achievement trajectories often take time to change. Thus, while at the present time in terms of achievement as measured by one year of achievement growth they conclude that there is no significant difference overall between MPS students and MPCP students, this result may change in future analyses. This report and its companion reports continue a series of annual reports on the Milwaukee Parental Choice Program (MPCP) that will be conducted by the School Choice Demonstration Project (SCDP). Appended are: (1) Additional Tables; and (2) Constructing the Sample for Study. (Contains 2 figures, 15 tables and 23 footnotes.) [Additional support for this report was provided by Robertson Foundation. For the "Review of "The MPCP Longitudinal Educational Growth Study Second Year Report"", see ED530058.]