In at least 44 states across the country, students are logging in to learn at all times of the day and night--accessing courses they might otherwise be unable to take, interacting with students they might otherwise never know, and working with highly qualified teachers they otherwise could not access. In these and countless other ways, online learning provides new and remarkable educational opportunities and student outcomes. While the viability and popularity of online learning is gaining widespread acceptance, the policy needed to support its growth is lagging. The continued success and sustained growth of online learning requires state education policy frameworks to be adjusted. The issues are varied and sometimes complex, but as people delve into them, what emerges is quite interesting: by creating frameworks for online learning policy development, exciting possibilities arise for positive policy change that promotes reform and benefits education as a whole. To lay the groundwork, though, it might be useful to consider why online learning is even worth the trouble. The authors also consider the kind of policy problems that have arisen as online learning has taken hold. What do strong policy and funding frameworks look like, and what specific benefits do they afford? Finally, which online learning policy and funding structures hold promise for all modes of learning? (Contains 1 figure and 12 footnotes.)