Since 1950, the Human Relations Area Files, Inc. has produced what is currently known as the eHRAF Collection of Ethnography. This article explores the reasons why it was created and describes the structure of this complex collection of ethnographic works. Over time, this resource has been produced in four different formats: paper slips, microfiche, CD-ROM, and online. The similarities among and differences between these are discussed. An attempt to locate any remaining paper sets is described, and a list of current locations of the file in this, its original form, is included. (Contains 8 figures and 2 notes.)