This article treats Aristotle's broad conception of knowledge as a key to understanding practical knowledge, as well as the differences between learning in practice and learning in schools today. Aristotle's three main categories of knowledge--the theoretical, the productive and the social-ethical--can serve to differentiate and expand modern comprehensions of knowledge, learning and practice. His division of knowledge not only enables us to differentiate between theoretical and practical knowledge, but also to discriminate between different forms of knowledge within the practical field. Furthermore, Aristotle's understanding of knowledge enables us to discuss the limits and possibilities of the scholastic and non-scholastic paradigms of learning, of which the proponents of the two paradigms often seem unaware. (Contains 7 notes.)