Institutional research (IR) in Latin America is experiencing dramatic growth due, in no small measure, to the need for quality assurance in educational institutions developing trained workforces for emerging economies. Quality can be assured only where it can be measured, and that is at the core of institutional research in countries to the south of the United States. This chapter focuses on the development of quality assurance mechanisms in higher education in Latin America, with emphasis on the experience in Chile. Development of an IR capability at colleges and universities has been a central component of this quality assurance initiative.