Giangreco helps teachers answer one of the hardest questions in including students with disabilities in mainstream classes: How can teachers include students who function substantially below grade level? Giangreco describes a teacher who must help a boy working at kindergarten level participate in the academic work of her 5th grade class. He describes how a teacher created the positive conditions for curriculum modification in her classroom. He then provides strategies for using multi-level curriculum and curriculum overlapping. In the multi-level curriculum approach, students with disabilities participate in shared activities with nondisabled peers and have individualized learning outcomes that are within the same curricular area. In curriculum overlapping, special needs students work with nondisabled students, but the special needs students have different learning outcomes drawn from separate curricular areas, such as learning basic social and communication skills. (Contains 1 endnote.)