Numerous researchers have employed functional communication training (FCT) to address both the communication and behavioral needs of children with autism. Thus, the purpose of this review is to examine FCT, particularly, the environments and individuals involved in the training and the effectiveness of FCT with children who have a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and to provide suggestions for practitioners and researchers. FCT consistently reduces challenging behavior and increases communication; however, the majority of research is clinically based and focuses on one communication mand. Future research teams should address maintenance and generalization by training teachers in classrooms and parents in homes while collecting data across time. (Contains 4 tables.)