Three broad issues continue to dramatically impact the education of children with specific learning disabilities (SLD): (1) the development and implementation of scientifically defensible methods of identification; (2) the development and implementation of scientific interventions to ensure that children with SLD have access to and make progress in the general education curriculum; and (3) ensuring that children with SLD benefit from school improvement and accountability efforts that are underway across the country. In this article, these three issues are discussed in detail.