This article describes the current status and future directions for school-based behavioral interventions. The article is centered on four themes that are considered critical for future research and practice in school-based behavioral intervention work. First, conceptual interventions based on intensity level and purpose (universal, selected, and target/intensive interventions). Second, use a response to intervention approach as the basis for changing, modifying, or intensifying interventions. Third, use evidence-based practices for selecting and evaluating interventions. Fourth, use social validation of behavioral interventions to establish the clinical or applied significance of target behavior selection and to document the social importance of effects. Contributions of functional behavioral assessment in designing and implementing behavioral interventions are examined. Future directions for research and practice in behavioral interventions in schools are considered.