This survey study examined student readiness for online learning in 2018 through the dimensions of importance placed by the student in online learning and the student's confidence in their ability as measures of readiness. An instrument with four subscales of competencies (online student attributes, time management, communication, and technical) that measure student readiness for online learning (SROL) was developed. Reliability of student responses on the online readiness instrument and factors related to student perception of readiness were examined. Descriptive statistics and item level means for the competencies are provided. Repeated measures analyses of variance were conducted to examine differences between participants' ratings of importance and confidence. Online student attributes, time management, and technical competencies were rated high for importance compared to communication competencies. Students were confident in online student attributes and technical competencies compared to time management and communication. Data were also analyzed based on demographic differences. MANOVA showed significant differences based on the race (white and nonwhite) of the students and course format (asynchronous, synchronous, and blended) on their perceptions of online learning competencies.