Purpose: Small holder farmers are highly vulnerable to changes in climate, as they live on a marginal income, and the crops they depend upon are highly affected by climate. This paper seeks to investigate the impact of climate change on farmers' productivity and their adaptive responses to these impacts. Methodology: One hundred and fifteen small-scale farmers were interviewed throughout Mauritius. A questionnaire was devised for this study and included both close-ended and open-ended questions. Findings: It was found that farmers have observed a net decrease in their crop yield over the past several years, mainly owing to changes in the quantum and pattern in precipitation, and resurgence of pests and diseases. Their only recourse to adapt to these was to increase the amount of pesticides and fertilizers in order to maintain their level of production. This survey finding was validated by a model. Practical implications: This study will enable extension officers to review the advice they normally give to farmers with a view to ensure that farmers respond to the climatic changes by adopting a more sustainable approach of using environmentally friendly measures such as application of organic amendments, non-chemical pest control, reduced fertilizers and pesticides, soil and water management. Theoretical implications: Promoting a shift toward an ecological way of farming will result in less reliance on chemicals and lowered GHG emissions. Originality/Value: The study depicted the weaknesses of the extension services to make farmers shift from their conventional practice toward a sustainable agriculture.