Bangladesh, located in the Northeastern side of South Asia, is bordered by India to the west, north, and east and shares a small border with Myanmar in the hilly southeastern portion of the country. With an estimated population of roughly 163 million, Bangladesh has the world's eighth largest national population. This population lives in a total land area of only 147,570 square km--roughly the size of Illinois--making Bangladesh the most densely populated country in the world among nations with a population larger than 1 million inhabitants. The physical geography of Bangladesh has made and will continue to make the country highly susceptible to climate change, introducing new challenges to government institutions and international aid efforts as Bangladesh strives for its goal of becoming a middle-income country. The relative poverty in Bangladesh and the challenges presented by the landscape make gathering information on its whole population challenging. International partners have stepped in to help Bangladesh conduct its census. All of the challenges Bangladesh has experienced highlight important aspects about the need, uses, and challenges of census-taking. The usefulness and importance of the Bangladeshi Census is clear given the wide variety and relevance of the purposes for which these data are used. This article provides in-class activities around the use and significance of the Census using Bangladesh as an example.