The study investigates the knowledge management resources and techniques used to enhance knowledge management initiatives in Nigerian agricultural research institutes. The study adopted quantitative approach through questionnaire to collect data randomly from the sample of two hundred and seventy six (N=276) research scientists. The study revealed that cross-functional project teams and mentoring were the main knowledge management resources and techniques used to derive research and innovations in the institutes. Findings also show that the knowledge management initiatives adopted in the institutes include, identification of existing knowledge, improving documentation of existing knowledge, changing of the organisational culture, improving cooperation and communication, externalisation, i.e. tacit to explicit, improving knowledge retention, and improving innovations management. The study concludes that the knowledge management resources and techniques used are capable of enhancing the various knowledge management initiatives adopted in the institutes.