This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Physics Mobile Learning (PML) with HomboBatu theme smartphone Android-Assisted to improve the ability of diagram representation and critical thinking of students of Grade X in senior high school. The research type used was experimental research with pretestposttest control group design. The sampling technique selection used cluster random sampling. The subjects were 32 students of Grade X MIPA 4, SMAN 6 Yogyakarta as control class with learning treatment of Powerpoint media and 22 students of Grade X MIPA 7, SMAN 6 Yogyakarta as experimental class with learning treatment of PML smartphone Android-Assisted with BatuHombo theme. Test instruments consisted of pretest and posttest. Data analysis used was analysis of N-Gain and Hotteling's Trace multivariate test (MANOVA). The results showed that learning with PML-themed HomboBatu media was more effective in increasing the representation ability of N-Gain diagrams by 0.78 in the high category. However, there was no significant difference in N-Gain scores in the experimental class and control class in improving critical thinking skills. This Physics Mobile Learning can be used by students or teachers to study Indonesian culture (Nias) for its learning media as well as for learning experiences that train the ability of diagram representation and critical thinking.