The main purpose of this study was the effect of body composition and physical fitness factors on performance prediction of elite male trampolines. So, 45 male athletes, who participated in the national trampoline team's preparation camps for participation at the 2014 Asian Games in four age categories included Children, Juniors, Adolescents and Seniors were selected using targeted sampling as subjects. Variables of study included 24 body composition indices and 20 physical fitness factors which were measured using standard procedures and instruments. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression models at the 0.05 significance level. Results of study showed that, the relationships of the shoulder belt muscle strength (r = 0.294) with performance are statistically significant and in other cases, there was no significant relationships (p>0.05). Results of study showed the relationships of the shoulder belt muscle strength (r = 0.294), aerobic power (r = 0.351), relative minimum anaerobic power (r = 0.256), with performance are statistically significant.and in other cases, observed relationships were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Findings of this study suggest that, in the high competitive level of trampoline body composition indices do not have predictive role in preparation programs of elite male trampolines, but physical factors have predictive role in preparation programs of elite male trampolines.