The use of homework in physical education has not historically been a topic of intense study. Relatively few studies have been devoted to the topic, particularly when compared to the use of homework in classroom settings. Nonetheless, some physical educators have suggested the assignment of homework as a way to meet important objectives and standards, especially those related to maintaining an active lifestyle. Homework has also been proposed to allow teachers to allocate more time to skill development in class. The aim of this review is to explore the efficacy of using homework as a teaching tool in physical education. An examination of the research could help professionals make decisions about whether or not to assign homework and how best to do so.