In this research, I analyse the practice of caporales dances in community and school contexts. I put forward some debates around the position of dances in the processes of education and identity definition. I delve into the identification of the caporales with Bolivian migration, poverty and contexts of discrimination. The references are centred on the teaching and performance of these dances in workshops and festivities held by organisations of Bolivian migrants in a town near the city of Buenos Aires. I continue with the analysis of the practices of this dance in school situations and its coexistence with current trends of nationalism in Argentine schools.