As students study the political organization of space in the Advanced Placement (AP) Human Geography classroom, they must understand forces behind the creation of modern nation states, challenges to the stability of modern states, and political developments such as supranationalism and devolution (Human Geography Course Description). In this two 50-minute class period lesson, high school students explore the structure and evolution of current political boundaries throughout Europe using ArcGIS Online. At first, the relationship between political boundaries and ethnic boundaries and how they shape the modern political map may seem confusing to students. This lesson provides a hands-on opportunity for students to better understand the interactions of these two forces. During this inquiry assignment, students will explore the European political landscape through an Esri ArcGIS Online map. They will manipulate various layers of data to analyze the overlapping nature of political and ethnic divisions that have created the modern European map. Specific conflict regions include the Basque region of Spain, the Former Yugoslav states, Russia's Caucasus region, and areas of Ukraine currently experiencing political and ethnic upheaval.