This research explores upper elementary students' motivation to read fiction and nonfiction. Using expectancy-value theory, the researchers developed separate surveys to measure motivation to read fiction and nonfiction. Researchers administered surveys to 1,104 upper elementary students (grades 3-6) in multiple locations across the United States and found the instruments to be psychometrically sound. Results corroborate previous research demonstrating students' declining motivation to read across grade levels; in particular, students' value for reading was declining. This research also corroborates previous research findings that girls are more motivated than boys to read fiction. Researchers found insignificant gender differences between girls' and boys' motivations to read nonfiction, indicating a need to further investigate students' motivation to read nonfiction. Implications for classroom application of survey results and the need to enhance students' value for reading are discussed.