The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of gifted education in Brazil. A scenario of the education of the gifted is presented, including the official concept of giftedness as well as programs and services available to emphasize important contributions to the area. Although there are considerable advances regarding policies, practices, and research on giftedness, the country faces many challenges regarding the waste of talent and the quality of public education. Thus, there are difficult issues that must be addressed to promote the education gifted children and the development of high abilities in Brazil. Relevant research findings have emerged during the past 10 years indicating problems and possibilities to consider. The proposals for future directions with regard to the gifted in diverse socioeconomic situations and their teachers are presented.