This theoretical paper begins with a reflection on the dominant conceptions of "high ability", based on psychometrics, and examines claims that the ethos of a particular cultural heritage is essential to what "high ability" signifies. The article semantically distinguishes "giftedness" from "ability", using research on "Confucian heritage culture" with its "thick" and "thin" dimensions. "Giftedness" here means an inherited quality or endowment. "Ability", on the other hand, signifies an active process open to nurture through education and--what could account for the main contribution of this paper--the role played by an "epistemology of heart-mind" in Confucian heritage. The article argues that this epistemology of heart-mind constitutes a generational collective programming of mind. Such a definition could lead to a sociocultural conception of intelligence and giftedness open to development, adding a new perspective to the conceptualisation of giftedness and high ability.