The author performs analysis of external and internal factors that influence organization of the system of Polish managers' professional development. These factors can be united into two groups. We will attribute the factors formed under the influence of external factors to the first group, to the second--the internal ones. So, due to the dynamic changes in economy and business, which take place in the world in general, and in Europe in particular, the first group covers the following three directions: 1) the national and political position of Poland and its geographical location (EU membership and close proximity to the highly developed European countries); 2) the socioeconomic condition of Poland at the present stage (intensive economic development and its rapid international exit, the growth of the number of transnational corporations and their subdivisions, thus, investment growth, including in transport industry: as the host country, Poland is considered to be one of the largest transport basins in Europe; the growing popularity of TNC among the Poles as the most desirable employer); 3) the manpower (cheap labour, employment opportunities and the prospect of professional development, the increasing demand for highly skilled managers for positions of heads' divisions of transnational corporations). The internal factors of the second group should be considered at two levels: at the organizational level (in particular TNC) and the level of personnel (in our case, managers). At the organizational level, we can notice changes in approaches to manpower management (the employer's market is transformed into a worker's market) and the growth of investment in training and personnel development, and also the involvement of top managers in the process of training and personnel development. There are the following trends at the personnel level: the possibility of rapid career in TNC, the growth of authority of Polish managers at the international level.