The objective of the study was to analyze if there are significant differences between family cohesion and adaptability according to the type of family composition (nuclear, extended, single parent and non-nuclear). This is a non-experimental and empirical research, in which a non-probabilistic, cross-sectional, selective and associative strategy was employed; 428 male and female teenagers, aged 14 to 18, from a public school in Callao were evaluated. The D. Olson's family cohesion and adaptability evaluation scale (FACES III) and an "ad hoc" questionnaire were used to evaluate family composition. The results show significant differences between adolescents belonging to nuclear families and adolescents belonging to non-nuclear families. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.