Since 1993, Belgium has been a federal state where education is entrusted to the Communities. There are three Communities in Belgium: Flemish, French and German-speaking. They are responsible for personal matters (mainly education, culture and social affairs). There are also three Regions in Belgium: Flanders, Wallonia and Brussels. Regions are responsible for matters connected to the territory (such as economy or employment). The French Community exercises its competencies in Wallonia (minus the German-speaking zone) and in Brussels; the Flemish Community exercises its competencies in Flanders and in Brussels. The German-speaking Community exercises its competencies in the German linguistic region, which is a part of Wallonia. This article describes the organisation of education in Belgium and the three school networks in the French community: (1) schools organised directly by the Community; (2) schools organised by another public authority (city or province); and (3) schools organised by a private person, usually a non-profit organisation. Next, a comparison of religious education in private schools, also called "free schools," and public schools in the French community is provided. The article closes with a discussion of the 2015-2016 reform, how it came to be, its implementation, the French Community's preparations to introduce the EPC course: "Education à la philosophie et à la citoyenneté" (Education in philosophy and citizenship), and questions that have arisen as a result. A glance at different perspectives on an extension of the EPC course and the status of the German-speaking Community located in the eastern part of Belgium concludes the article.