Peer tutoring has generated a great deal of scholarly interest in the field of education. It is viewed as an essential instructional strategy for inclusive education because it constitutes one of the strongholds of cooperative learning. This study examines the effect of peer tutoring and the moderating effect of gender on the academic performance of economics students in Ilorin-South Local Government of Kwara State, Nigeria. Two intact classes in two different secondary schools were selected for this study. The experimental (peer tutoring) group had a population of 40 students while the control (conventional instruction) group had a population of 38 students. A 50-item multiple-choice objective test titled Economics Performance Test (EPT) was used to measure academic performance. Students in the peer tutoring group obtained higher EPT scores than students in the conventional instruction group. This effect was not moderated by gender. We recommend that teachers adopt peer tutoring instructional strategies in the classroom so as to develop students' generic skills.