ERIC Number: EJ1145494
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2013
Pages: 9
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-2192-001X
EISSN: N/A
Investigating Valence and Autonomy in Children's Relationships with Imaginary Companions
McInnis, Melissa A.; Pierucci, Jillian M.; Gilpin, Ansley Tullos
International Journal of Developmental Science, v7 n3-4 p151-159 2013
Little research has explored valence and autonomy in children's imaginary relationships. In the present study, a new interview (modeled after an existing measure for real relationships) was designed to elicit descriptions of both positive and negative interactions with imaginary companions and to provide a measure of relationship valence and autonomy. Children (n = 107) aged 3 to 8 were interviewed about their relationships with real or imaginary friends. Results indicated that (1) the valence of imaginary relationships falls along a continuum, (2) children sometimes view their imaginary companions as autonomous and in control of the imaginary relationship (especially when this relationship is not positively valenced), and (3) young children and those in less positive relationships (real or imaginary) were more likely to report that they could make their friend be nice to them.
Descriptors: Child Development, Imagination, Fantasy, Personal Autonomy, Interpersonal Relationship, Interviews, Preschool Children, Elementary School Students, Measures (Individuals), Bullying, Student Attitudes, Statistical Analysis, Interrater Reliability, Video Technology
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Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Education Level: Elementary Education
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A