A research on primary school education in the frame of education for sustainable development, as known as ESD, is important because the awareness of eco-friendly activities and environment empowerment cannot be developed in a short time. Meanwhile, human activities have caused significant environmental degradation. This is an exploratory study involving 240 participants from four primary schools in Semarang by applying stratified simple random sampling. The data were processed using a two-way test ANOVA and Partially Least Square. This study has found that primary school students in Semarang has a good understanding about the pillars of natural, social and ego in sustainable development. But, there are insignificant differences on the student understanding between class levels about eco-friendly issues. When the education level is higher, the students' understanding on eco-friendly education is not better. This research also has revealed that the school accreditation is insignificant to influence the students in understanding the ecofriendly issues. However, the knowledge stages in ESD innovation diffusion are applied. Therefore, the pattern of education which emphasized the students' knowledge on ESD is still relevant in building eco-friendly behavior.