The first aim of this study is to examine the validity and reliability of the Children's Playfulness Scale (CPS), which was developed to determine pre-school children's disposition towards play. The second aim is to test the effects of some variables on playfulness and whether such variables affect playfulness levels of children. About 196 children participated in the research group for testing the validity and reliability of the scale, and 600 children were involved in a comparative analysis. Results of the analysis showed that the "CPS" was a valid and reliable scale. The interaction effect of related variables was not found to be significant. In addition, gender affected the social spontaneity dimension, and the number of siblings affected manifest joy and sense of humour sub-dimensions. Findings suggested that birth spacing between siblings, gender of siblings, and gender roles could be involved as variables in the future research.