Several studies have found that a large percentage of middle-skilled jobs require at least a basic understanding of spreadsheets, and some even advanced level skills. A study was conducted at a four-year university to identify Excel skill sets that were determined as necessary by employers of the university's current students, advisory boards, recruiters, and other relevant parties. The findings suggested that the needs and opportunities for Excel® based analytical skills is pervasive in businesses of all sizes and ubiquitous in business.