In 2016, more than 1.6 million students took the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT), a standardized college admissions test (College Board 2016a). Researchers have estimated that 33 percent of students who take the SAT participate in some mode of formal test preparation, such as private tutoring or classes, to prepare for the exam (Buchmann, Condron & Roscigno 2010). In several analyses and meta-analyses, investigators have demonstrated a positive effect of test preparation on SAT scores (e.g., Briggs 2005; Kulik, Bangert-Drowns & Kulik 1984; Lilly & Montgomery 2011; Powers & Rock 1999). Moving beyond the fundamental question of whether SAT preparation is related to performance on the SAT, however, researchers only recently have begun to examine individual factors related to test performance. In the present paper, the relationships between individual difference and test preparation variables and SAT performance are examined.