Today's computers and related technologies have an important role in enabling visualisations of the workings of various scientific concepts, natural phenomena and mechanisms by creating technology-rich environments (TREs). TREs offer opportunities to science teachers in cases of natural phenomena that might be difficult or impossible to view, dangerous to conduct experiments about, impractical or too expensive to bring into the classroom, or too messy or time consuming to prepare in a school laboratory. However, science teaching cannot and should not be undertaken entirely by TREs. Science teachers need to know how to integrate technology into science classrooms. Measuring science teachers' confidence in technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPCK) and identifying their views about using TREs in science instruction is an important issue. The present study aims to address challenges faced by in-service science teachers when creating TREs and gives suggestions for successful technology integration into science teaching. The data were gathered through a TPCK confidence survey and subsequent interviews. The results show that in-service science teachers have a low level of confidence in using technology during science teaching. The teachers surveyed stressed their need for professional development activities regarding the effective and meaningful use of TREs in science teaching. [This study was presented at ESERA 2011 as an oral presentation.]