Legal framework policy of Japan in the field of education has been analyzed. The problem of influence of legislative materials on the development of education in Japan, its legislative support has been considered. It has been defined that directive materials affect the development of education system in Japan. Legislation policy of the country is represented by the following documents on education: laws, decrees, regulations etc., which are developed in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution and the Basic Law on Education of Japan, and contribute to the high level of school education and training of highly qualified teachers. The Constitution of Japan in 1946 laid the foundation for progressive changes in society and consolidated a new approach to education. This document provides a framework for creating laws, decrees, regulations, reform education. Achievements of Japanese civilization began to express themselves in the form of military advantage and economic prosperity, which was the impetus for their further development. Important role in solving this problem belongs to education, development of which is held by the legislative materials. In particular, there was established a number of laws, decrees, regulations, etc., the implementation of which contributed to higher levels of school and higher education. It has been defined that the concept of national identity within the structure of the student's moral consciousness should take priority position alongside with such concepts as conscience, justice, decency, kindness.