The relevance of the research problem is conditioned by the weak development of measurement, assessment of educational competences at an operational level, at the level of actions, by insufficient applications of psycho-pedagogical theories and methods of mathematical statistics. The aim of the work is to develop through teaching experiments the content and structure of the educational competencies at the operational level and actions to measure accurately the educational competencies of students. Research methods: questionnaires, ranking, self-evaluation method--rating, content analysis of educational material, modeling of the content and structure of educational competences in the context of skills for a specific section of the physics course, statistical processing of the data. The result of the research is the realization of the ideas of measurement, assessment of educational competences by creating a model of the content and structure of abilities and skills for a specific section of the course at the level of operations, actions. Measurement of abilities and skills at the level of operations and actions is a more accurate measurement of educational competences in comparison with the existing methods. The proposed model of educational competences' structure allows one to see the content of the material at the level of actions, as the knowledge is solid when it is evidenced by the execution of actions (solving of equations, tasks, etc.).