The relevance of the problem under study is based on the necessity to determine the directions of studying and improving the vocational pedagogical education (the system of training vocational pedagogical teachers) in Russia. The purpose of the article is to identify the periodization of establishment and development of the vocational pedagogical education in Russia depending upon the changes of its organizational and pedagogical foundations that occur under the influence of socio-economic and socio-pedagogical factors. The leading approach to studying this problem is a historic-logical one which allows us to identify stages of establishment and development of the vocational pedagogical education based on the qualitative changes of its organization and content that are perceived as a reaction to socio-economic and socio-pedagogical conditions at certain periods of time. Based on the qualitative changes of the organizational and pedagogical foundations of the vocational pedagogical education occurred under the influence of the changes in the society during more than a hundred years' time, the stages of establishment and development of the vocational education are detailed in this article. It is stated that the main directions of the Russian vocational teachers' training system development were determined by the requirements imposed upon the system by vocational education and industries. It is shown that the idea of industry-specific vocational and psychological training and training for a worker's profession is the leading one in elaborating the vocation education development strategy. The article can be useful for academic specialists and practitioners in the sphere of vocational and vocational pedagogical education, candidates for a master's degree and students of vocational pedagogical universities and faculties.