The relevance of the investigated problem is due to the needs of modern society in the preservation of the physical health of the nation, development of physical education in higher school. The purpose of the article is to disclose theoretical and methodological basis of organisation of physical fitness monitoring of a specialist as a means of enhancing the quality of his/her training in higher school. The major method of the study of this issue is physical fitness monitoring of a specialist as a means of improving the quality of vocational training in higher school, allowing to identify the features of his/her physical fitness. The main results of the article are the analysis of national and foreign scientific and methodical literature on the organization of physical fitness monitoring, for example at Kalmyk State University, students' physical fitness testing, a comparative analysis of the results, which led to the findings of the organization forms of work on the preservation and strengthening of young people health. The materials of the article have practical value in solving economic, social, demographic and cultural problems of the society in creating a stable motivation for a healthy and productive lifestyle, formation of the necessity in physical development of young people based on physical fitness monitoring as a means of improving the quality of vocational training at school and university.