This study aims to analyze the effect of the Mother and Child Education Program on the relationship between mothers and their five- or six-year-old children. The study used an experimental design of pretest-posttest-monitoring test with a control group. The participants consisted of 50 preschool children aged five or six along with their mothers. Twenty-five were in the experimental group and 25 were in the control group. Members of the experimental group participated in the Mother and Child Education Program once a week for ten weeks. The study data were collected using the Child-Parent Relationship Scale developed by Pianta in 1992 to evaluate the parent-child relationship and adapted to Turkish language by Akgün and Yesilyaprak (2010). The NCSS 2007 (Number Cruncher Statistical System-Kaysville, Utah, USA) was used for statistical analyses. The Independent Samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Paired Samples t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to compare quantitative data. Significance was evaluated at the levels of p < 0.01 and p < 0.05. The findings of this study showed a difference between the mother-child relationship scores of the experimental and control groups in favor of the experimental group (p < 0.05), and that the effects of the education program continued long-term.