To investigate the causes of natural and social disasters of the extraordinary character, show the importance of preventive measures at the level of the state and public organizations, and suggest ways to improve the quality of training and emergencies is the purpose of the proposed work. With particular emphasis on the study of emergencies arising out of the basis of the natural and anthropogenic factors in the various regions of Kazakhstan, as well as specialists training who know the regional peculiarities and specifics of the mental values of the population. Professional competence, tolerance, spiritual and physical preparedness, organizational skills and responsibilities are all the necessary qualities of a modern specialist at work in emergencies and those whose activity is aimed at protecting the environment. Orienteering society in an economically efficient use of natural resources in accordance with the requirements of environmental protection, the formation of a social consciousness of the people, based on the respect for nature, as well as the formation of ethically interdependent interaction with it requires the professionalization of the activities of people directly involved in the prevention and risks of natural and anthropogenic emergencies.