This study aimed to determine the effect model of debate in the yellow book learning in schools to improve students' critical thinking skills so they can find a new science. This study was an experimental study with a control group. The study was conducted in classes XI Islamic Boarding School Al-Hidayah Jambi. This study uses two parallel classes, two classes as the control group and three other classes as the experimental class. In a grade control applied to conventional learning models and models applied experimental class debate. Results are expected in this study is a model debate can enhance students' critical thinking abilities of conventional learning models. It can be concluded that the model of the debate in the yellow book learning can increase the effective, critical thinking skills so that students can discover new knowledge for each study. Through the model is expected to debate helped teachers in the classroom so that learning takes place more systematically implemented and significantly improved comprehension and critical thinking skills of students.