ERIC Number: EJ1111261
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2008-Mar
Pages: 34
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: EISSN-2330-8516
EISSN: N/A
Impossible Scores Resulting in Zero Frequencies in the Anchor Test: Impact on Smoothing and Equating. Research Report. ETS RR-08-10
Puhan, Gautam; vonDavier, Alina; Gupta, Shaloo
ETS Research Report Series, Mar 2008
Equating under the external anchor design is frequently conducted using scaled scores on the anchor test. However, scaled scores often lead to the unique problem of creating zero frequencies in the score distribution because there may not always be a one-to-one correspondence between raw and scaled scores. For example, raw scores of 17 and 18 may correspond to scaled scores of 150 and 153, thereby creating zero frequencies for scaled scores of 151 and 152. These gaps in the frequency distribution may adversely impact smoothing and equating. This study examines the effect of these zero frequencies on log-linear smoothing (Holland & Thayer, 1987) of score distributions and final equating results. Results suggest that although smoothing is significantly affected by the presence of these zero frequencies, as indicated by the likelihood-ratio chisquare, Akaike information criterion (Akaike, 1977), and Freeman-Tukey deviates, the impact on the actual equating results is minimal.
Descriptors: Equated Scores, Test Items, Raw Scores, Statistical Analysis, Cutting Scores, Multiple Choice Tests, Responses, Error of Measurement
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Publication Type: Reports - Research; Journal Articles
Education Level: N/A
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A