The study investigated the Assessment of perceived academic and incentive needs of senior secondary school biology teachers in Kwara State, Nigeria. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select two hundred and fifty (250) biology teachers from the three senatorial district of Kwara State. A questionnaire was prepared, validated and used for collection of data from the biology teachers. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 package was used for data analysis. Rank order and Chi-square were used to analyze the data collected. Eight research questions and six hypotheses were formulated and tested. The findings revealed that there is a significant difference between perceived academic need of male and female teachers and that male biology teacher want more of academic needs than their female counterpart. Based on the result of this study, it is recommended among others, that effort should be geared towards providing more academic needs for males and encouraging female biology teachers on academic needs. Government should sponsor biology teachers to attend workshop, seminar and conferences at local, state, national and in fact at international level.