Across Canada many initiatives have been initiated to generate more interest in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education; however, no single or comprehensive overview has been conducted that takes into account the impact of these STEM initiatives on teaching/learning outcomes in K-12 education. This knowledge synthesis of STEM initiatives was undertaken to explore the impact on teaching and learning in K-12 education and identify existing gaps/barriers in the current approaches in terms of engaging students and increasing interests and skills in STEM. The synthesis provides a national overview of STEM initiatives and programs, including successes, criteria for effective programs, and current research in STEM education.