In language teaching, it has been universally acknowledged that students need not just knowledge and skill in the grammar of a language but also the ability to use the language in socially and culturally appropriate ways. In this article Michael Byram, who has been working on Intercultural Competence for quite some time in a variety of different contexts, (in different countries, "with different hats on", e.g. as part of his work at the Council of Europe, at different levels of education, etc.). In this interview with Manuela Wagner, Byram is asked to share some important similarities and differences among the various contexts based on his own experiences. Byrum is also asked what his recommendations are for the development of ICC. He shares his opinion on what the most important aspects and benefits of a well articulated ICC program should include, and his assessment of some of the challenges in the planning, teaching, and assessment of ICC.