In the past, neurobiology for reading was identical with neuropathology. Today, however, the advancement of modern neuroimaging techniques has contributed to the understanding of the reading processes of normal individuals. Neurobiology findings today have uncovered and illuminated the fundamental neural mechanism of reading. The findings have helped researchers and educators in the field of reading expand their understanding of the different levels of the reading process for evidence-based reading instruction. The aims of this paper are to provide a review of the results of neuroscience laboratory research for understanding the reading process. First, the subprocesses of reading and the activated areas of the brain at every stage of reading are discussed. Second, the paper indicates how reading involves both linguistic and non-linguistic processing, and the interconnectivity of the cognitive and emotional networks, which takes place, from the visual recognition of letters to comprehension at the discourse level, and to articulation. An overview of research on the neurobiology of reading such as this will contribute to the understanding of the overall neural basis of reading and has the potential to be integrated into a model of automatic reading and reading comprehension.