The community diseases prevention behaviors assumed influenced by knowledge of infectious disease, hygiene and health knowledge, motivation and of behaviors of disease prevention than influence by attitude prevention of infectious diseases. This study aimed to examine the effect of variable knowledge infectious disease, hygiene and health knowledge, motivation prevention of infectious diseases, an attitude towards the behavior of infectious disease prevention. The research was conducted in Maros Regency, South Sulawesi Province with a quantitative approach survey method, which uses the questionnaire that measure all variables mentioned above. The population in this study is the district's communities sampled from the Turikale, Mandai and Bantimurung sub-District of 200 respondents. The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is used to assess significant relation between all variable. The results showed that infectious disease prevention knowledge, attitudes prevention of infectious diseases affect the community behavior of infectious disease prevention, while knowledge of hygiene and health, communicable disease prevention motivation does not affect the behavior of infectious disease prevention. These results, suggest that knowledge of hygiene and health and prevention of infectious diseases motivation of concern that the incidence of infectious diseases, especially pulmonary tuberculosis, dengue fever, and diarrhea in Maros is not increased.