The article describes features of the communicative competence evolution in adolescents growing up in orphanages. The specificity is revealed and definition is given to key concept of the research, namely "communicative competence". Authors emphasize and demonstrate the evaluation peculiarities of the adolescents, growing up in orphanages. The paper deals with the evolution forms and methods of communicative competence in adolescents, growing up in orphanages. Additionally, the article presents the results of experimental work on the evolution of communicative competence in such adolescents. The study proved the effectiveness of the "Effective Communication" program on the evolution of communicative competence in adolescents growing up in orphanages.